|
Root
|
Meaning
|
Examples
|
| Auto |
Self |
Autoinfection; autolysis; autopathy (disease); autopsy (view
-postmortem examination) |
| Brachy |
Short |
Brachycephalia (head); brachydactylia (fingers); brachycheilia
(lip); brachygnathous (jaw) |
| Brady |
Slow |
Bradypnea (breath); bradypragia (action); bradyuria (urine);
bradypepsia (digestion) |
| Brevis |
Short |
Brevity; breviflexor (short flexor muscle) |
| Cavus |
Hollow |
Cavity; cavernous, vena cava (vein) |
| Coel |
Hollow |
Coelarium (lining membrane of body cavity); coelom (body cavity
of embryo) |
| Cryo |
Cold |
Cryotherapy; cryotolerant; cryometer |
| Crypto |
Hidden,
concealed |
Cryptorchid (testis); cryptogenic (origin obscure or doubtful);
cryptophthalmos (eye) |
| Dextro |
Right |
Ambidextrous (using both bands with equal ease); dextrophobia
(fear of objects on right side); dextrocardia (heart) |
| Diplo |
Double, twice |
Diplocephaly (head); diplopia (double sight) |
| Dys |
Difficult, bad,
disordered,
painful |
Dysarthria (speech); dyshidrosis (sweat); dyskinesia (motion);
dystocia (birth); dysphasia (speech); dyspepsia (digestion) |
| Eu |
Well,
good |
Euphoria (well-being); euphagia; eupnea (breath); euthyroid (normal
thyroid); eutocia (normal birth) |
| Eury |
Broad,
wide |
Eurycephalic (head); euryopia (vision); eurysomatic (body - squat,
thickset body). |
| Glyco |
Sugar,
sweet |
Glycohemia (sugar in blood); glycopenia (poverty of sugar - low
blood sugar level) |
| Gravis |
Heavy |
Gravida (pregnant woman); gravidism (pregnancy) |
| Haplo |
Single,
simple |
Haploid (having a single set of chromosomes); haplodermatitis
(simple inflammation of skin); haplopathy (simple uncomplicated
disease) |
Hetero,
heter |
Other,
relationship to
other |
Heterogeneous (kind - dissimilar elements); heterinoculation;
heterology (abnormality of structure); heterointoxication |
| Homo |
Same |
Homogeneous (same kind or quality throughout); homozygous (possessing
identical pair of genes); homologous (corresponding in structure) |
| Hydro |
Wet,
water |
Hydronephrosis (kidney - collection of urine in kidney pelvis);
hydropneumothorax (fluid in chest); hydrophobia (fear of water -
water causes painful reaction in this disease) |
| Iso |
Equal |
Isocellular (similar cells); isodontic (all teeth alike); isocytosis
(equality of size of cells); isochromatic (having same color throughout) |
| Latus |
Broad |
Latitude; latissimus dorsi (muscle adducting humerus) |
| Leio |
Smooth |
Leiomyosarcoma (smooth-muscle fleshy malignant tumor); leiomyofibroma
(tumor of muscle and fiber elements); leiomyoma (tumor of unstriped
muscle) |
| Lepto |
Slender |
Leptosomatic (body); leptodactylous (fingers) |
| Levo |
Left |
Levocardia (heart); levorotation (turning to left) |
| Longus |
Long |
Adductor longus (muscle of thigh); longitude |
| Macro |
Large, abnormal
size |
Macrocephalic (head); macrocheiria (hands); macromastia (breast);
macronychia (nails) |
| Magna |
Large, great |
Magnitude; adductor magnus (thigh muscle) |
| Malaco |
Soft |
Malacia (softening); osteomalacia (bones) |
| Malus |
Bad |
Malady; malaise; malignant; malformation |
| Medius |
Middle |
Median; medium; gluteus medius (femur muscle) |
| Mega |
Great |
Megacolon (large colon); megacephaly (head) |
| Megalo |
Huge |
Megalomania (delusion of grandeur); megaly (enlarged liver);
splenomegaly enlarged spleen) |
| Meso |
Middle,
mid |
Mesocarpal (wrist); mesoderm (skin); mesothelium (a lining membrane
of cavities) |
| Micro |
Small |
Microglossia (tongue); microblepharia (eyelids); microorganism;
microphonia (voice) |
| Minimus |
Smallest |
Gluteus minimus (smallest muscle of hip); adductor minimus (muscle
of thigh) |
| Mio |
Less |
Mioplasmia (plasma - abnormal decrease in plasma in blood); miopragia
(perform - decreased activity) |
| Mono |
One, single,
limited to one
part |
Monochromatic (color); monobrachia (arm) |
| multi |
Many,
much |
Multipara (bear - woman who has borne many children); multilobar
(numerous lobes); multicentric (many centers) |
| Necro |
Dead |
Necrosed; necrosis; necropsy (postmortem examination); necrophobia
(fear of death) |
| Neo |
New |
Neoformation; neomorphism (form); neonatal (first four weeks
of life); neopathy (disease) |
| Oligo |
Few, scanty,
little |
Oligophrenia (mind); oligopnea (breath); oliguria (urine); oligodipsia
(thirst) |
| Ortho |
Straight,
normal,
correct |
Orthodont (teeth-normal); orthogenesis (progressive evolution
in a given direction); orthograde (walk - carrying body upright);
orthopnea (breath - unable to breathe unless in an upright position) |
| Oxy |
Sharp,
quick |
Oxyesthesia (feel); oxyopia (vision); oxyosmia (smell) |
| Pachy |
Thick |
Pachyderm (skin); pachyemia (blood); pachypleuritis (inflammation
of pleura); pachycholia (bile); pachyotia (ears) |
| Paleo |
Old |
Paleogenetic (origin in the past); paleopathology (study of diseases
in mummies) |
| Platy |
Flat |
Platybasia (skull base); platycoria (pupil); platycrania (skull) |
| Pleo |
More |
Pleomorphism (forms); pleochromocytoma (tumor composed of different-colored
cells) |
| Poikilo |
Varied |
Poikiloderma (skin mottling); poikilothermal (heat - variable
body temperature ) |
| Poly |
Many,
much |
Polyhedral (many bases or faces); polymastia (more than two breasts);
polymelia (supernumerary limbs); polymyalgia (pain in many muscles) |
| Pronus |
Face down |
Prone, pronation |
| Pseudo |
False,
spurious |
Pseudostratified (layered); pseudocirrhosis (apparent cirrhosis
of liver); pseudohypertrophy |
| Sclero |
Hard |
Sclerosis (hardening); arteriosclerosis (artery); scleronychia
(nails); sclerodermatitis (skin) |
| Scolio |
Twisted,
crooked |
Scoliodontic (teeth); scoliosis; scoliokyphosis (curvature of
spine) |
| Sinistro |
Left |
Sinistrocardia; sinistromanual (left-handed); sinistraural (hearing
better in left ear) |
| Steno |
Narrow |
Stenosis; stenostomia (mouth); mitral stenosis (mitral valve
in heart) |
| Stereo |
Solid, three
dimensions |
Stereoscope; stereometer |
| Supinus |
Face up |
Supine, supination; supinator longus (muscle in arm) |
| Tachy |
Fast, swift |
Tachycardia (heart); tachyphrasia (speech) |
| Tele |
End, far away |
Telepathy; telecardiogram |
| Telo |
Complete |
Telophase |
| Thermo |
Heat,
warm |
Thermal; thermometer; thermobiosis (ability to live in high temperature) |
| Trachy |
Rough |
Trachyphonia (voice); trachychromatic (deeply staining) |
| Xero |
Dry |
Xerophagia (eating of dry foods); xerostomia (mouth); xerodermia
(skin) |
